Changing the law, which lawmakers voted in favor with 181 in favor, 144 against, was outlined in a 443-page budget implementation bill introduced in parliament this week.

Ottawa has already extended its jurisdiction over the crimes committed by Canadian astronauts during the spaceflight to the International Space Station.

They are being treated the same as the crimes committed in Canada

The update comes as the number of space flights increases and before the first manned mission to the Moon in more than 50 years, due to be launched in May 2024, a Canadian astronaut is expected to be on the lunar flight Artemis II.

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Under the subheading Lunar Gate, the amendment to the Criminal Code reads:

"A Canadian crew member who, during a space flight, commits an act or omission outside of Canada that, if committed in Canada, would be considered a felony by the defendant, is considered to have committed that act or omission in Canada."

Foreign astronauts who "threaten the life or safety of a Canadian crew member" on a Canadian-backed space mission may also be prosecuted.

The Canadian Space Agency is participating in the NASA-led Lunar Gateway project, along with the European Space Agency and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency.

Starting in 2026, the point will act as a place for robotic and manned exploration of the Moon's surface, as well as travel to Mars.

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