Russia has failed to gain an advantage over Ukraine in cyberspace nearly six months after the invasion of that country, Britain's GCHQ intelligence chief, Jeremy Fleming, has said.

In his column on "EconomistFleming explained how both countries used their cyber capabilities in the war in Ukraine.

"So far, President Putin has comprehensively lost the information war in Ukraine and in the West. "While this is cause for celebration, we should not underestimate how Russian disinformation is spreading elsewhere in the world," Fleming wrote.

As with the ground invasion, Russia's initial online plans appear to have failed, Fleming said. Russia's use of offensive cyber tools was irresponsible and indiscriminate, he added. According to Fleming, Russia developed the "WhisperGate" malware to destroy Ukrainian government systems.

He also said that Russia had previously used the same strategy in Syria and the Balkans, and stated that disinformation on the Internet was the main part of the Russian strategy. However, GCHQ managed to intercept them and issue warnings in time, he added.

Without going into too much detail, Fleming said Britain's National Cyber ​​Force could respond to Russia by deploying a British military unit that uses modern cyber tools.